Federal income tax calculator (2026)

Estimate your 2026 federal income tax, effective rate and marginal rate using the current brackets and standard deduction.

Tax by bracket

Rate	Income in bracket	Tax

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How federal income tax works

The US uses marginal brackets. Only the income inside each bracket is taxed at that bracket's rate, so moving into a higher bracket does not tax all your income at the higher rate. We subtract pre-tax deductions and the larger of the standard or itemized deduction, then apply the brackets and any credits.

Marginal vs effective rate

Your marginal rate is the rate on your last dollar of taxable income. Your effective rate is your total tax divided by your total income, which is always lower.

What this calculator does not include

This is a federal-only estimate for the 2026 tax year using the standard deduction unless you enter itemized deductions. It does not include state or local taxes, the alternative minimum tax, or many credits and deductions you may qualify for. Treat it as a planning estimate and use IRS.gov or a tax professional for your actual return.

Frequently asked questions

Which tax year are the numbers for?

The 2026 tax year, using the brackets and standard deductions the IRS published for 2026. This is the return you file in 2027.

What counts as a pre-tax deduction?

Common examples are traditional 401(k) contributions and HSA contributions made through your employer.

More tax calculators

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Capital gains tax calculator: Short-term and long-term gains tax, plus NIIT

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